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As far as organized resistance is concerned:
General E. Kirby Smith surrendered the troops in the Trans-Mississippi Department, On May 26, 1865.
Stand Watie, the famous Cherokee Confederate general (the only Native American to achieve that rank on either side) signed a cease-fire agreement with Union representatives for his command, the First Indian Brigade of the Army of the Trans-Mississippi, becoming the last Confederate general in the field to stand down, on June 23, 1865.
Some consider the activities of "outlaws" like Jesse James and of organizations like the Klan as a continuation of the war by other means. I tend to agree. After all the James and Youngers were robbing YANKEE banks and railroads (BTW AFTER they had tired to surrender) and the Klan was fighting for the restitution of Southern political rights and against the "carpetbagger" state governments. (this phase of the conflict really WAS a "civil war" )
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